Friday 3 May 2013

Radical or Gender Feminism as an evidence based philosophy

Recently, bloggers have claimed that radical or alternatively gender feminism is an empirically based philosophy. However, I want to object to this position but this is not to say that certain types of feminism cannot be justified rationally. 

Firstly, I want to make a differentiation between equity feminism and gender feminism.  

  • Equity feminism, is a moral doctrine regarding the equal treatment that makes no commitments regarding empirical issues in psychology or biology. It is a normative ethical theory which states how things ought to be and can be rationally argued for in a number of ways. 
  • Gender feminism, 'is an empirical doctrine committed to three claims about human nature. The first is that the differences between men and women have nothing to do with biology but are socially constructed in their entirety. The second is that humans possess a single social motive — power — and that social life can be understood only in terms of how it is exercised. The third is that human interactions arise not from the motives of people dealing with each other as individuals but from the motives of groups dealing with other groups — in this case, the male gender dominating the female gender.' (Pinker ) 
I have adopted the definition of gender feminism as used by Pinker in his book 'The Blank State'. While I acknowledge some forms of gender feminism, do not make all three of the claims outlined by Pinker, all forms make some version of at least one of the claims.  

Equity feminism is primarily not an empirical claim it is a moral claim regarding the status of women. While it can make use of certain empirical evidence to establish that women and men deserve equal treatment in regards to being similar in relevant respects. For instance you might choose to argue that both men and women are autonomous rational beings and therefore deserve equal respect. Such a claim might make reference to certain features shared by both men and women in establishing equal treatment, but it is not generally held that such claims are contingent on the empirical evidence. If we were to find out that women were superior in certain respects this wouldn't establish that women therefore deserved preferential treatment, or vice-versa. It is in this respect that equity feminism isn't an evidence based position. 

Now gender feminism is a doctrine that makes certain empirical claims. Though many gender feminists are very hostile much of the empirical evidence offered up by the fields of neuroscience, genetics and evolutionary psychology. This is probably due to the fact that much of this research undermines the power of the gender feminists argument(s). While some of the work done in evolutionary psychology is spurious, there is still some valid and highly interesting scientific work being undertaken in the field. By accepting this spurious empirical hypotheses, I agree with Pinker when he says that 

In embracing these doctrines, the genderists are handcuffing feminism to railroad tracks on which a train is bearing down. As we shall see, neuroscience, genetics, psychology, and ethnography are documenting sex differences that almost certainly originate in human biology. And evolutionary psychology is documenting a web of motives other than group-against-group dominance (such as love, sex, family, and beauty) that entangle us in many conflicts and confluences of interest with members of the same sex and of the opposite sex. {342} Gender feminists want either to derail the train or to have other women join them in martyrdom, but the other women are not cooperating. Despite their visibility, gender feminists do not speak for all feminists, let alone for all women.(Pinker 341-342, The Blank State) 
If feminists want to garner support from society and womanhood in general. I believe that feminists activists need to stick firmly to the equity pathway, adopting forms of radical or gender feminism is only going to undermine the success of the movement. Our current empirical knowledge regarding mankind is totally consistent with the equity feminist cause and there are many good reasons to support equity feminism. 

0 comments:

Post a Comment